Performing the PRAM Reset on your Mac: Your Full Guide

MacBook Doctor

Mastering your Mac’s Hidden Key: Your Ultimate Guide to the PRAM Reset

The PRAM reset is an incredibly useful tool that can address a wide range of issues on your Intel based Apple Mac.

Intel Mac PRAM Reset

The key combination to perform a PRAM reset on an Intel Based Mac is: Option, Command, P, and R. For full instructions on resetting the PRAM on an Intel-based Mac, click here.

Silicon Based Mac NVRAM Reset

On Apple Silicon-based Macs, the process of resetting the PRAM (Parameter RAM) has been replaced with a different procedure called “Reset NVRAM” (Non-Volatile Random-Access Memory). 

If you’d like to reset the NVRAM on a Silicon-based Mac, click here

Unsure whether your Mac is Silicon or Intel? click here and you can find out which processor your Mac uses.

Why would you perform a PRAM Reset?

If you’re experiencing issues with your Mac, performing a PRAM (Parameter Random Access Memory) reset can help resolve various hardware and software-related problems. Its the first go to in problem solving. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the process of resetting PRAM on your Mac, providing you with simple instructions for you to follow.

MacBook Doctor

What can a PRAM Reset fix?

Lets get started

First, we need to determine whether your Mac is Intel or Silicon.

Step 1 – Click on the Apple menu in the top-left corner of your screen.

Step 2 – Select “About This Mac” from the dropdown menu.

Step 3 – In the “Overview” tab, you will see the name of the processor mentioned below the macOS version. It will indicate either “Intel” or “Apple” followed by the specific processor model.

If the processor is listed as “Intel,” it means your Mac is using an Intel processor. If it is listed as “Apple,” it indicates that your Mac is equipped with an Apple Silicon (M1) or (M2) processor.

Intel-based Macs (Most models Prior to 2020)

Step 1

Completely shut down your Mac to ensure it is powered off, and not on standby. 

Step 2

Press the power button to turn on your Mac.

Step 3

Immediately press and hold the following keys on your keyboard:

Option, Command, P, and R.

Option Keyboard keyCommand Keyboard keyP Keyboard keyR keyboard key

 Maintain holding the keys until you hear the start up chime twice.

Step 4

The PRAM reset is now complete. You can release the keys you were holding.

Provided the reset was performed successfully, your Mac will now start up as normal.

If the reset was not successful, here are some useful tips that could help:
    • Press and hold all of the keys in the given combination together, simultaneously, rather than pressing them one at a time.
    • If you are unable to activate a key combination when restarting your Mac, first shut down your Mac. If your Mac won’t shut down, press and hold the power button for up to 10 seconds until your Mac turns off. Then press and hold the key combination after pressing the power button to turn on your Mac.
    • Allow a few seconds before pressing the keys to give your Mac time to recognize the keyboard during startup. Some keyboards have a brief flashing light at startup, indicating that the keyboard is recognized and ready for use.
    • If you are using a wireless keyboard, try connecting it to your Mac using a cable, if possible. Alternatively, use your built-in keyboard or a wired keyboard. If you have a keyboard designed for a PC, such as one with a Windows logo, try using a keyboard made specifically for Mac.
    • Note that certain key combinations may not work if your Mac has a firmware password set. Disable the firmware password first.
    • If you are using Boot Camp to start up from Microsoft Windows, adjust the startup Disk preferences to start up from macOS instead. Then shut down or restart your Mac and try the key combination again.

Silicon-based Macs (Most models post 2020)

We have a comprehensive guide for resetting the NVRAM, which serves as the successor to the PRAM reset in Macs equipped with Silicon chips. Discover how to reset and optimise your Mac’s NVRAM for improved performance and troubleshooting. 

Our step-by-step instructions will walk you through the process, ensuring you can easily manage your Mac’s system settings. Unlock the full potential of your Silicon-powered Mac with our NVRAM reset guide.

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